Monmouth County Timeline
January 17, 1524
The European Explorers of New Jersey
The earliest European explorers of the Americas never caught even a glimpse of any part of the northern Atlantic coast. Christopher Columbus explored and settled various Caribbean nations, while Amerigo Vespucci's explorations appear to have been mostly of South America, specifically,...
September 2, 1609
Henry Hudson First Arrives at Navesink Highlands
On September 2, 1609, Henry Hudson approached the Navesink Highlands area. A crew member, Robert Juet, kept a daily journal of this famous exploration, and entered in his journal his impression: 'This is a very good land to fall with,...
September 6, 1609
Henry Hudson’s Half Moon Explores Our Region
On September 6, 1609, the Half Moon, captained by Henry Hudson, after sailing past Highlands, is said to have landed on the shores of present-day Keansburg (although some historians argue that the landing took place at the tip of Sandy...
March 25, 1664
Lenape Chief Sells Navesink Highlands
On March 25, 1664, Popamora, chief of the Lenape Indians of the Navesink region, executed the sale of the neck of land stretching from Sandy Hook and Rocky Point to Keansburg on the west, and to the Navesink Highlands on...
April 8, 1665
The Monmouth Patent
Editor’s note: The author would like to thank Yvette Florio Lane, Ph.D., for her assistance with this important Timeline story. On April 8, 1665, the English deputy-governor of New Amsterdam, Colonel Richard Nicolls, granted 12 white men, mostly Quakers from...
December 29, 1675
How Enslavement Came to Monmouth County
Editor's note: On December 29, 1675, the entrepreneur Lewis Morris purchased a one-half interest in a bog iron property in Monmouth County near Colts Neck. He built an iron forge on the river in what today is Tinton Falls, and...
January 3, 1703
William Leeds and Captain Kidd: Pious Men of God or Treacherous Pirates?
Monmouth Timeline story by Rick Burton On Wednesday, January 3, 1703, William Leeds Jr., a wealthy middle-aged Middletown resident, fully drew the mantle of God upon himself as he was baptized as a Christian. The rites of baptism have long...
November 8, 1735
A Timeline of Patriot Martyr Joshua Huddy
Joshua Huddy was a Revolutionary War soldier who became renowned through his untimely death: he was hung by American Loyalists at Highlands in 1782, months after the Battle of Yorktown, the last major military engagement of the war. Patriot outrage...
June 11, 1764
Sandy Hook Is America’s Oldest Continuously Operating Lighthouse
Lighthouses have been aiding navigators for more than 2,000 years. The first lighthouse in America was the Boston Light, built in 1716 at Boston Harbor. Sandy Hook Lighthouse was the fifth lighthouse built in the United States, but it is one...
November 8, 1775
A Timeline of the Escaped Slave Titus who Became the Dreaded Loyalist Raider Colonel Tye
On November 8, 1775, a 22-year-old slave named Titus ran away from his owner and master, John Corlies of Colts Neck. Corlies was a Quaker who did not agree with Monmouth County Quaker views on the handling of slaves. Quakers during...
November 15, 1775
Titus Becomes Tye in Lord Dunmore’s Ethiopian Regiment of Black Loyalist Soldiers
Now calling himself "Tye," Titus joined Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment. The Regiment was in existence from 1775 to 1776, with as many as 300 escaped slaves to its number. On November 15, 1775, they fought at the Battle of Kemp's Landing,...
February 13, 1777
Battle of the Navesink
On February 13, 1777, the militia of Monmouth County suffered “most severely” in an engagement known as the Battle of the Navesink, which took place in the area that is now Rumson and Highlands, and Sea Bright. Particularly during...
May 3, 1778
Battle of Monmouth – How It Begins
On May 3, 1778, the British establish a post at Cooper's Ferry, near where Camden is today, to protect wood cutters. The British army in Philadelphia has been ordered to evacuate the city, to focus resources on their strongholds in...
May 14, 1778
British Army Ships Supplies to New York Ahead of Philadelphia Evacuation
On May 14, 1778, the British army prepares to move across the Delaware river by packing heavy baggage to be shipped to New York. In six weeks, they will encounter George Washington's Continental Army, aided by New Jersey militia (re-enactors...
May 29, 1778
British Army Begins Relocation Process from Philadelphia to New York City
On May 29, 1778, the British army begins the process of evacuating Philadelphia, and relocating to New York City, by deploying two regiments across the river at Cooper's Ferry, near Camden, to reinforce the garrison there. New Jersey militia are...
June 1, 1778
The British Prepare to Enter New Jersey at Cooper’s Ferry
With orders to relocate to New York City, the British army spends two weeks establishing a post at Cooper's Ferry, near Camden, across the Delaware River from Philadelphia. On June 1, 1778, the British begin moving wagons and provisions across...
June 14, 1778
The British Prepare to Evacuate Philadelphia
On June 14, 1778, the British army prepares to leave Philadelphia behind, and relocate to New York City. They destroy unservicable equipement and stock, and burn unfinished ships, so as not to give the patriots any useful resources. British General...
June 18, 1778
British Evacuate Philadelphia, Head to New York
On June 18, 1778, British General William Clinton completes the evacuation of Philadelphia, concentrating about 20,000 troops and his baggage train in and around Haddonfield Royal Navy. Along with other troops, invalids, loyalists and heavy equipment, the army heads down...
June 24, 1778
The British Arrive in Allentown
On June 24, 1778, after several days of skirmishing and harassment from rebels － both militia and Continental regulars－General Clinton's British army reaches Allentown. Clinton decides to move toward Monmouth Court House (i.e., Freehold), and then cross to New York...
June 26, 1778
The Sack of Monmouth Court House
Painting "Queens American Rangers" by Mark Maritato; image courtesy Friends of Monmouth Battlefield. On June 26, 1778, British troops, under the command of Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton, first arrived in Monmouth Court House, now known as Freehold Township. With...